Types of Christ in the Old Testament (IV)

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2021 05 30

Last Week & before

  1. The Passover Burnt Offerings, Corban (Leviticus 1)
  2. Meal Offering (Leviticus 2)
  3. Peace Offering (Leviticus 3)
  4. Sin Offering (Leviticus 4)
  5. Trespass Offering (Leviticus 5)
  6. The Day of Atonement (Leviticus 16; 23:26-32)
  7. Blood 0f Atonement (Leviticus 17:11)
  8. Priesthood.
  9. Scapegoat.
  10. Holiness codes.

This Week

  1. Our Kinsman Redeemer (Leviticus 25:25)
  2. The Feasts (Leviticus 23)

Leviticus 16:12-13 (NKJV) 12  Then he shall take a censer full of burning coals of fire from the altar before the LORD, with his hands full of sweet incense beaten fine, and bring it inside the veil. 13  And he shall put the incense on the fire before the LORD, that the cloud of incense may cover the mercy seat that is on the Testimony, lest he die.

Hebrews 10:19-20 (NKJV) 19  Therefore, brethren, having boldness to enter the Holiest by the blood of Jesus, 20  by a new and living way which He consecrated for us, through the veil, that is, His flesh,

  • Having boldness in the new covenant to enter the Holiest by the blood of Jesus.
  • To meet with God
  • To fellowship with God
  • Relationship before Fellowship.

OUR KINSMAN REDEEMER

Leviticus 25:25 (NKJV)  ‘If one of your brethren becomes poor, and has sold some of his possession, and if his redeeming relative comes to redeem it, then he may redeem what his brother sold.

The “Kinsman,” or Goel, had the right of redemption. He kinsman could free the debtor by paying the ransom price. The kinsman must be nearest of kin, must be able to redeem, must be willing, and must be free of calamity or need of redemption himself. Redemption was complete when the price was paid in full. This right to buy back, belonged only to the nearest kinsman. Cf. Ruth 2:1; 3:12, 13; 4:4, 14

  • Ruth 2:1 (NKJV) There was a relative of Naomi’s husband, a man of great wealth, of the family of Elimelech. His name was
  • Ruth 3:12-13 (NKJV) 12 Now it is true that I am a close relative; however, there is a relative closer than I. 13  Stay this night, and in the morning it shall be that if he will perform the duty of a close relative for you–good; let him do it. But if he does not want to perform the duty for you, then I will perform the duty for you, as the LORD lives! Lie down until morning.”
  • Ruth 4:4 (NKJV) And I thought to inform you, saying, ‘Buy it back in the presence of the inhabitants and the elders of my people. If you will redeem it, redeem it; but if you will not redeem it, then tell me, that I may know; for there is no one but you to redeem it, and I am next after you.’ ” And he said, “I will redeem “
  • Ruth 4:14 (NKJV) Then the women said to Naomi, “Blessed be the LORD, who has not left you this day without a close relative; and may his name be famous in Israel!

Christ is our nearest of kin through the incarnation (Hebrews 2:10-18; Job 19:25; Galatians 4:4-5; Ephesians 1:7, 11, 14; I Peter 1:18-19; Romans 3:24; 8:3; Philippians 2:7).

  • Romans 8:15 (NKJV) For you did not receive the spirit of bondage again to fear, but you received the Spirit of adoption by whom we cry out, “Abba, Father.”
  • Ephesians 1:5 (NKJV) having predestined us to adoption as sons by Jesus Christ to Himself, according to the good pleasure of His will,

He met all the conditions of a kinsman. Christ lifts up and carries our sins away never to return again. Just like this goat Christ suffered what the sinner without Christ would suffer (Isaiah 53:6, 12; I Peter 2:24). By faith we laid our sins on Jesus and He bore them in His own body in His death on the Cross. The scapegoat was a visible representation that their sins were utterly removed and carried away (Psalm 103:12). He remembers our sins no more (Hebrews 8:12). Our sinless Great High Priest did not have to first offer a sacrifice for Himself (Hebrews 7:26-28); 9:11-15, 22).

THE FEASTS

(LEVITICUS 23)

The Hebrew Calendar
A Hebrew month began in the middle of a month on our calendar today. Crops are planted in November and December and harvested in March and April.
Month Today’s Calendar Bible Reference Israel’s Holidays
1.       Abib (Nisan) March-April Exodus 13:4; 23:15; 34:18; Deut. 16:1 Passover (Leviticus 23:5) Unleavened Bread (Leviticus 23:6) First Harvest (Leviticus 23:10)
2.       Ziv (Iyyar) April-May 1 Kings 6:1, 37 Second Passover (Numbers 9:10, 11)
3.       Sivan May-June   Harvest (Pentecost) (Leviticus 23:16)
4.       Tammuz June-July    
5.       Ab July-August    
6.       Elul August-Sept.    
7.       Ethanaim (Tishri) September-Oct. 1 Kings 8:2 Trumpets (Numbers 29:1; Leviticus 23:24) Day of Atonement (Leviticus 23:27) Shelters (Leviticus 23:34)
8.       Bul (Marchesh-van) October-Nov. 1 Kings 6:38  
9.       Kislev November-Dec. Nehemiah 1:1 Dedication (Hanukkah) (John 10:22)
10.    Tebeth December-Jan    
11.    Shebat January-Feb.    
12.    Adar February-March   Purim (Esther 9:24-32)
  1. PASSOVER (Lev. 23:5) is a memorial feast that speaks of redemption by blood. It is based upon the exodus out of Egypt (Ex. 12). Christ is our Passover is slain for us (I Corinthians 5:7).
  • Leviticus 23:5 (NKJV) On the fourteenth day of the first month at twilight is the LORD’S
  • 1 Corinthians 5:7 (NKJV) Therefore purge out the old leaven, that you may be a new lump, since you truly are unleavened. For indeed Christ, our Passover, was sacrificed for us.
  1. UNLEAVENED BREAD (Lev. 23:6-8) speaks of communion with Christ and a holy walk. Christ cleanses the old, unregenerate life of the believer.
  • Leviticus 23:6-8 (NKJV) 6  And on the fifteenth day of the same month is the Feast of Unleavened Bread to the LORD; seven days you must eat unleavened bread. 7  On the first day you shall have a holy convocation; you shall do no customary work on it. 8  But you shall offer an offering made by fire to the LORD for seven days. The seventh day shall be a holy convocation; you shall do no customary work on it.’ “
  • John 6:35 (NKJV) And Jesus said to them, “I am the bread of life. He who comes to Me shall never hunger, and he who believes in Me shall never thirst.
  • Mark 8:15 (NKJV) Then He charged them, saying, “Take heed, beware of the leaven of the Pharisees and the leaven of Herod.”
  1. FIRST FRUITS of the barley harvest (Lev. 23:9-14) is typical of resurrection, first of Christ and then of “them that are Christ’s at His Coming” (I Corinthians 15:22-23). God claims first fruits of everything. The sheaf represented all of the harvest. God has first claim on life. Jesus is now in the presence of the Father as the representative of the whole church still in the field. He will remain there until the Second Coming, and then the whole harvest will be gathered (Matthew 24:31; Mark 13:27). The believer is thus consecrated to God in Christ (I Corinthians 6:19, 20). We have the first fruits of the Spirit (Romans 8:23). We are the first fruits of His creation (Romans 5:9; James 1:18; Revelation 14:4ff; Matthew 27:52, 53).
  • Leviticus 23:9-14 (NKJV) 9  And the LORD spoke to Moses, saying, 10  “Speak to the children of Israel, and say to them: ‘When you come into the land which I give to you, and reap its harvest, then you shall bring a sheaf of the firstfruits of your harvest to the priest. 11  He shall wave the sheaf before the LORD, to be accepted on your behalf; on the day after the Sabbath the priest shall wave it. 12  And you shall offer on that day, when you wave the sheaf, a male lamb of the first year, without blemish, as a burnt offering to the LORD. 13  Its grain offering shall be two-tenths of an ephah of fine flour mixed with oil, an offering made by fire to the LORD, for a sweet aroma; and its drink offering shall be of wine, one-fourth of a hin. 14  You shall eat neither bread nor parched grain nor fresh grain until the same day that you have brought an offering to your God; it shall be a statute forever throughout your generations in all your dwellings.
  • 1 Corinthians 15:22-23 (NKJV) 22  For as in Adam all die, even so in Christ all shall be made alive. 23  But each one in his own order: Christ the firstfruits, afterward those who are Christ’s at His coming.
  • Romans 8:23 (NKJV) Not only that, but we also who have the firstfruits of the Spirit, even we ourselves groan within ourselves, eagerly waiting for the adoption, the redemption of our body.
  • James 1:18 (NKJV) Of His own will He brought us forth by the word of truth, that we might be a kind of firstfruits of His creatures.
  • Matthew 27:52-53 (NKJV) 52 and the graves were opened; and many bodies of the saints who had fallen asleep were raised; 53  and coming out of the graves after His resurrection, they went into the holy city and appeared to many.
  1. PENTECOST IS THE INGATHERING OF THE FIRST FRUITS of the wheat harvest (Lev. 23:15-22). It was considered the birthday of Judaism, and it typifies the descent of the Holy Spirit to form the Church (Acts 2:1-4). The Church came into existence fifty days (Pentecost) after Christ’s resurrection (Leviticus 23:16).
  • Leviticus 23:15-22 (NKJV) 15 ‘And you shall count for yourselves from the day after the Sabbath, from the day that you brought the sheaf of the wave offering: seven Sabbaths shall be completed. 16  Count fifty days to the day after the seventh Sabbath; then you shall offer a new grain offering to the LORD. 17  You shall bring from your dwellings two wave loaves of two-tenths of an ephah. They shall be of fine flour; they shall be baked with leaven. They are the firstfruits to the LORD. 18  And you shall offer with the bread seven lambs of the first year, without blemish, one young bull, and two rams. They shall be as a burnt offering to the LORD, with their grain offering and their drink offerings, an offering made by fire for a sweet aroma to the LORD. 19  Then you shall sacrifice one kid of the goats as a sin offering, and two male lambs of the first year as a sacrifice of a peace offering. 20  The priest shall wave them with the bread of the firstfruits as a wave offering before the LORD, with the two lambs. They shall be holy to the LORD for the priest. 21  And you shall proclaim on the same day that it is a holy convocation to you. You shall do no customary work on it. It shall be a statute forever in all your dwellings throughout your generations. 22  ‘When you reap the harvest of your land, you shall not wholly reap the corners of your field when you reap, nor shall you gather any gleaning from your harvest. You shall leave them for the poor and for the stranger: I am the LORD your God.’ “
  • Acts 2:1-4 (NKJV) 1 When the Day of Pentecost had fully come, they were all with one accord in one place. 2  And suddenly there came a sound from heaven, as of a rushing mighty wind, and it filled the whole house where they were sitting. 3  Then there appeared to them divided tongues, as of fire, and one sat upon each of them. 4  And they were all filled with the Holy Spirit and began to speak with other tongues, as the Spirit gave them utterance.
  1. TRUMPETS (Lev. 23:23-25) was the New Year’s Day of the children of Israel and took place in the fall at about our October. The ram’s horn was made into a trumpet and has been called by the Jews, Shofar. The blowing of the ram’s horn called the people to repentance and reminded them the LORD was in a covenant relationship with Israel. The ram’s horn called to memory Abraham’s sacrifice of Isaac. The trumpet will herald the coming of the Messiah! Trumpets were used later in Israel. The Trumpets were used to call Israel to worship, walk, and war. It is prophetic of the future regathering of long dispersed people of Israel (Zechariah 14; Matthew 24:29-31).
  • Leviticus 23:23-25 (NKJV) 23 Then the LORD spoke to Moses, saying, 24  “Speak to the children of Israel, saying: ‘In the seventh month, on the first day of the month, you shall have a sabbath-rest, a memorial of blowing of trumpets, a holy convocation. 25  You shall do no customary work on it; and you shall offer an offering made by fire to the LORD.’ “
  • Matthew 24:29-31 (NKJV) 29 “Immediately after the tribulation of those days the sun will be darkened, and the moon will not give its light; the stars will fall from heaven, and the powers of the heavens will be shaken. 30  Then the sign of the Son of Man will appear in heaven, and then all the tribes of the earth will mourn, and they will see the Son of Man coming on the clouds of heaven with power and great glory. 31  And He will send His angels with a great sound of a trumpet, and they will gather together His elect from the four winds, from one end of heaven to the other.
  1. TABERNACLES (Lev. 23:33-44) commemorated the time when the children of Israel lived in tents during their wilderness journey. It was celebrated in the fall and lasted an entire week. The people lived in booths out of doors and heard the reading of the Law. It reminded them of their absolute dependence upon God. It is prophetic of Israel’s millennial rest (Amos 9:13-15; Zechariah 14:16-21). The Feast of the Tabernacles is a memorial of their redemption out of Egypt (Leviticus 23:43). Compare Jesus at the Feast of Tabernacles (John 7:2, 14, 37; 8:12). There is to be a greater ingathering when Christ returns for His people (Revelation 7:9, 10).
  • Leviticus 23:33-44 (NKJV) 33 Then the LORD spoke to Moses, saying, 34  “Speak to the children of Israel, saying: ‘The fifteenth day of this seventh month shall be the Feast of Tabernacles for seven days to the LORD. 35  On the first day there shall be a holy convocation. You shall do no customary work on it. 36  For seven days you shall offer an offering made by fire to the LORD. On the eighth day you shall have a holy convocation, and you shall offer an offering made by fire to the LORD. It is a sacred assembly, and you shall do no customary work on it. 37  These are the feasts of the LORD which you shall proclaim to be holy convocations, to offer an offering made by fire to the LORD, a burnt offering and a grain offering, a sacrifice and drink offerings, everything on its day– 38  besides the Sabbaths of the LORD, besides your gifts, besides all your vows, and besides all your freewill offerings which you give to the LORD. 39  ‘Also on the fifteenth day of the seventh month, when you have gathered in the fruit of the land, you shall keep the feast of the LORD for seven days; on the first day there shall be a sabbath-rest, and on the eighth day a sabbath- 40  And you shall take for yourselves on the first day the fruit of beautiful trees, branches of palm trees, the boughs of leafy trees, and willows of the brook; and you shall rejoice before the LORD your God for seven days. 41  You shall keep it as a feast to the LORD for seven days in the year. It shall be a statute forever in your generations. You shall celebrate it in the seventh month. 42  You shall dwell in booths for seven days. All who are native Israelites shall dwell in booths, 43  that your generations may know that I made the children of Israel dwell in booths when I brought them out of the land of Egypt: I am the LORD your God.’ ” 44  So Moses declared to the children of Israel the feasts of the LORD.
  • John 1:14 (NKJV) And the Word became flesh and dwelt among us, and we beheld His glory, the glory as of the only begotten of the Father, full of grace and truth.
  1. THE SABBATICAL YEAR (Leviticus 25) was the year of meditation and devotion. It was a yearlong Sabbath. The purpose and character of the Sabbath was magnified. It occurred every seven years, and it let the land rest for a full year. The next Shmita year is 2021-2022 (5782).
  • Leviticus 25:1-7 (NKJV) 1 And the LORD spoke to Moses on Mount Sinai, saying, 2  “Speak to the children of Israel, and say to them: ‘When you come into the land which I give you, then the land shall keep a sabbath to the LORD. 3  Six years you shall sow your field, and six years you shall prune your vineyard, and gather its fruit; 4  but in the seventh year there shall be a sabbath of solemn rest for the land, a sabbath to the LORD. You shall neither sow your field nor prune your vineyard. 5  What grows of its own accord of your harvest you shall not reap, nor gather the grapes of your untended vine, for it is a year of rest for the land. 6  And the sabbath produce of the land shall be food for you: for you, your male and female servants, your hired man, and the stranger who dwells with you, 7  for your livestock and the beasts that are in your land–all its produce shall be for food.
  • Hebrews 4:9-10 (NKJV) 9 There remains therefore a rest for the people of God. 10  For he who has entered His rest has himself also ceased from his works as God did from His.
  1. THE JUBILEE YEAR (25:8-24) was celebrated every fifty years, and was inaugurated on the Day of Atonement with the blowing of the trumpets. All Hebrew slaves were set free, obligations of debts were terminated, and land was restored to the original owner. It looks to the coming rest the Messiah will give when He comes and reigns in glory.
  • Leviticus 25:8-24 (NKJV) 8 ‘And you shall count seven sabbaths of years for yourself, seven times seven years; and the time of the seven sabbaths of years shall be to you forty-nine years. 9  Then you shall cause the trumpet of the Jubilee to sound on the tenth day of the seventh month; on the Day of Atonement you shall make the trumpet to sound throughout all your land. 10  And you shall consecrate the fiftieth year, and proclaim liberty throughout all the land to all its inhabitants. It shall be a Jubilee for you; and each of you shall return to his possession, and each of you shall return to his family. 11  That fiftieth year shall be a Jubilee to you; in it you shall neither sow nor reap what grows of its own accord, nor gather the grapes of your untended vine. 12  For it is the Jubilee; it shall be holy to you; you shall eat its produce from the field. 13  ‘In this Year of Jubilee, each of you shall return to his possession. 14  And if you sell anything to your neighbor or buy from your neighbor’s hand, you shall not oppress one another. 15  According to the number of years after the Jubilee you shall buy from your neighbor, and according to the number of years of crops he shall sell to you. 16  According to the multitude of years you shall increase its price, and according to the fewer number of years you shall diminish its price; for he sells to you according to the number of the years of the crops. 17  Therefore you shall not oppress one another, but you shall fear your God; for I am the LORD your God. 18  ‘So you shall observe My statutes and keep My judgments, and perform them; and you will dwell in the land in safety. 19  Then the land will yield its fruit, and you will eat your fill, and dwell there in safety. 20  And if you say, “What shall we eat in the seventh year, since we shall not sow nor gather in our produce?” 21  Then I will command My blessing on you in the sixth year, and it will bring forth produce enough for three years. 22  And you shall sow in the eighth year, and eat old produce until the ninth year; until its produce comes in, you shall eat of the old 23  ‘The land shall not be sold permanently, for the land is Mine; for you are strangers and sojourners with Me. 24  And in all the land of your possession you shall grant redemption of the land.
  • Luke 4:19 (NKJV) To proclaim the acceptable year of the LORD.”

Next Week

Our Great High Priest and our Tabernacle – Types of Christ

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