The Passover and other “Types” of Christ.

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2021 05 09

  • A “type” is a person or thing exemplifying the ideal or defining characteristics of something.
  • What is in the OT is for us to learn from

Hebrews 10:4 (NKJV)  For it is not possible that the blood of bulls and goats could take away sins.

Hebrews 10:19-25 (NKJV) 19  Therefore, brethren, having boldness to enter the Holiest by the blood of Jesus, 20  by a new and living way which He consecrated for us, through the veil, that is, His flesh, 21  and having a High Priest over the house of God, 22  let us draw near with a true heart in full assurance of faith, having our hearts sprinkled from an evil conscience and our bodies washed with pure water. 23  Let us hold fast the confession of our hope without wavering, for He who promised is faithful. 24  And let us consider one another in order to stir up love and good works, 25  not forsaking the assembling of ourselves together, as is the manner of some, but exhorting one another, and so much the more as you see the Day approaching.

Hebrews 9:1 (NKJV)  Then indeed, even the first covenant had ordinances of divine service and the earthly sanctuary.
Hebrews 9:9-11 (NKJV) 9  It was symbolic for the present time in which both gifts and sacrifices are offered which cannot make him who performed the service perfect in regard to the conscience– 10  concerned only with foods and drinks, various washings, and fleshly ordinances imposed until the time of reformation. 11  But Christ came as High Priest of the good things to come, with the greater and more perfect tabernacle not made with hands, that is, not of this creation.

All Old Testament sacrifices were mere shadows of the sacrifice of Christ and looked forward to it.

The Old Testament sacrifices were worthless in their own right, but were accepted for the time as tokens of the future sacrifice of the Lamb of God.

Hebrews 10:10-14 (NKJV) 10  By that will we have been sanctified through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once for all. 11  And every priest stands ministering daily and offering repeatedly the same sacrifices, which can never take away sins. 12  But this Man, after He had offered one sacrifice for sins forever, sat down at the right hand of God, 13  from that time waiting till His enemies are made His footstool. 14  For by one offering He has perfected forever those who are being sanctified.

Once that sacrifice was offered, all other sacrifices lost their meaning, for the infinite value of the Savior’s death was enough to pay the penalty for sin of all men for all times.

Hebrews 10:18 (NKJV)  Now where there is remission of these, there is no longer an offering for sin.

The Passover, type of Christ our Redeemer

Sacrificial Lamb of God without blemish. Ex 12:1-28

Bread of life for mankind., Blood offered to God.

Exodus 12:3-4 (NKJV) 3  Speak to all the congregation of Israel, saying: ‘On the tenth day of this month every man shall take for himself a lamb, according to the house of his father, a lamb for a household. 4  And if the household is too small for the lamb, let him and his neighbor next to his house take it according to the number of the persons; according to each man’s need you shall make your count for the lamb.

John 1:29 (NKJV)  The next day John saw Jesus coming toward him, and said, “Behold! The Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world!
1 Corinthians 5:6-7 (NKJV) 6  Your glorying is not good. Do you not know that a little leaven leavens the whole lump? 7  Therefore purge out the old leaven, that you may be a new lump, since you truly are unleavened. For indeed Christ, our Passover, was sacrificed for us.
1 Peter 1:18-19 (NKJV) 18  knowing that you were not redeemed with corruptible things, like silver or gold, from your aimless conduct received by tradition from your fathers, 19  but with the precious blood of Christ, as of a lamb without blemish and without spot.

The passing over of death

  • Abraham – Isaac – Jacob – 12 sons
  • Joseph – Slavery in Egypt
  • Moses – 10 plagues – deliverance from Egypt – The Law of God
  • Passover in Egypt, the 10th plague – death of the firstborn.

Exodus 12:23-24 (NKJV) 23  For the LORD will pass through to strike the Egyptians; and when He sees the blood on the lintel and on the two doorposts, the LORD will pass over the door and not allow the destroyer to come into your houses to strike you. 24  And you shall observe this thing as an ordinance for you and your sons forever.

Exodus 12:43-49 (NKJV) 43  And the LORD said to Moses and Aaron, “This is the ordinance of the Passover: No foreigner shall eat it. 44  But every man’s servant who is bought for money, when you have circumcised him, then he may eat it. 45  A sojourner and a hired servant shall not eat it. 46  In one house it shall be eaten; you shall not carry any of the flesh outside the house, nor shall you break one of its bones. 47  All the congregation of Israel shall keep it. 48  And when a stranger dwells with you and wants to keep the Passover to the LORD, let all his males be circumcised, and then let him come near and keep it; and he shall be as a native of the land. For no uncircumcised person shall eat it. 49  One law shall be for the native-born and for the stranger who dwells among you.”

Passover and the Festival of Unleavened Bread became an annual remembrance of how God delivered the Hebrews from Egypt.

Each year the people would pause to remember the day when the death angel passed over their homes. They gave thanks to God for saving them from death and bringing them out of a land of slavery and sin.

Believers today have experienced a day of deliverance as well—the day we were delivered from spiritual death and slavery to sin.

The Lord’s Supper is our Passover remembrance of our new life and freedom from sin. The next time struggles and trials come, remember how God has delivered you in the past and focus on his promise of new life with him.

Eating the Passover feast while dressed for travel was a sign of the Hebrews’ faith. Although they were not yet free, they were to prepare themselves, for God had said he would lead them out of Egypt.

Their preparation was an act of faith.

Preparing ourselves for the fulfillment of God’s promises, however unlikely they may seem, demonstrates our faith.

Exodus 12:1-3 (NKJV) 1  Now the LORD spoke to Moses and Aaron in the land of Egypt, saying, 2  “This month shall be your beginning of months; it shall be the first month of the year to you. 3  Speak to all the congregation of Israel, saying: ‘On the tenth day of this month every man shall take for himself a lamb, according to the house of his father, a lamb for a household.

The Hebrew Calendar
A Hebrew month began in the middle of a month on our calendar today. Crops are planted in November and December and harvested in March and April.
Month Today’s Calendar Bible Reference Israel’s Holidays
1.       Abib (Nisan) March-April Exodus 13:4; 23:15; 34:18; Deut. 16:1 Passover (Leviticus 23:5) Unleavened Bread (Leviticus 23:6) First Harvest (Leviticus 23:10)
2.       Ziv (Iyyar) April-May 1 Kings 6:1, 37 Second Passover (Numbers 9:10, 11)
3.       Sivan May-June   Harvest (Pentecost) (Leviticus 23:16)
4.       Tammuz June-July    
5.       Ab July-August    
6.       Elul August-Sept.    
7.       Ethanaim (Tishri) September-Oct. 1 Kings 8:2 Trumpets (Numbers 29:1; Leviticus 23:24) Day of Atonement (Leviticus 23:27) Shelters (Leviticus 23:34)
8.       Bul (Marchesh-van) October-Nov. 1 Kings 6:38  
9.       Kislev November-Dec. Nehemiah 1:1 Dedication (Hanukkah) (John 10:22)
10.    Tebeth December-Jan    
11.    Shebat January-Feb.    
12.    Adar February-March   Purim (Esther 9:24-32)
  1. The lamb must be without blemish, and to test this it was kept up four days Ex 12:5, 6 So our Lord’s public life, under hostile scrutiny, was the testing which proved His holiness Luke 11:53, 54; John 8:46; John 18:38
  • Exodus 12:5-6 (NKJV) 5 Your lamb shall be without blemish, a male of the first year. You may take it from the sheep or from the goats. 6  Now you shall keep it until the fourteenth day of the same month. Then the whole assembly of the congregation of Israel shall kill it at twilight.
  • Luke 11:53-54 (NKJV) 53 And as He said these things to them, the scribes and the Pharisees began to assail Him vehemently, and to cross-examine Him about many things, 54  lying in wait for Him, and seeking to catch Him in something He might say, that they might accuse Him.
  • John 8:46 (NKJV) Which of you convicts Me of sin? And if I tell the truth, why do you not believe Me?
  • John 18:38 (NKJV) Pilate said to Him, “What is truth?” And when he had said this, he went out again to the Jews, and said to them, “I find no fault in Him at all.
  1. The Lamb thus tested must be slain Ex 12:6; John 12:24; Heb 9:22
  • Exodus 12:6 (NKJV) Now you shall keep it until the fourteenth day of the same month. Then the whole assembly of the congregation of Israel shall kill it at twilight.
  • John 12:24 (NKJV) Most assuredly, I say to you, unless a grain of wheat falls into the ground and dies, it remains alone; but if it dies, it produces much grain.
  • Hebrews 9:22 (NKJV) And according to the law almost all things are purified with blood, and without shedding of blood there is no remission.
  1. The blood must be applied Ex 12:7 This answers to appropriation by personal faith, and refutes universalism John 3:36
  • Exodus 12:7 (NKJV) And they shall take some of the blood and put it on the two doorposts and on the lintel of the houses where they eat it.
  • John 3:36 (NKJV) He who believes in the Son has everlasting life; and he who does not believe the Son shall not see life, but the wrath of God abides on him.”
  1. The blood thus applied of itself, without anything in addition, constituted a perfected protection from judgment Ex 12:13; 1Jn 1:7; Heb 10:10, 14
  • Exodus 12:13 (NKJV) Now the blood shall be a sign for you on the houses where you And when I see the blood, I will pass over you; and the plague shall not be on you to destroy you when I strike the land of Egypt.
  • 1 John 1:7 (NKJV) But if we walk in the light as He is in the light, we have fellowship with one another, and the blood of Jesus Christ His Son cleanses us from all sin.
  • Hebrews 10:10 (NKJV) By that will we have been sanctified through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once for all.
  • Hebrews 10:14 (NKJV) For by one offering He has perfected forever those who are being sanctified.
  1. The feast typified Christ the bread of life, answering to the memorial supper Mat 26:26-28; 1Co 11:23-26 To observe the feast was a duty and privilege, but not a condition of safety. As a matter of fact, the bread was not eaten by the Israelites on the night in which, nevertheless, they were preserved from the judgment upon the firstborn Ex 12:34-39
  • Matthew 26:26-28 (NKJV) 26  And as they were eating, Jesus took bread, blessed and broke it, and gave it to the disciples and said, “Take, eat; this is My body.” 27  Then He took the cup, and gave thanks, and gave it to them, saying, “Drink from it, all of you. 28  For this is My blood of the new covenant, which is shed for many for the remission of sins.
  • 1 Corinthians 11:23-26 (NKJV) 23 For I received from the Lord that which I also delivered to you: that the Lord Jesus on the same night in which He was betrayed took bread; 24  and when He had given thanks, He broke it and said, “Take, eat; this is My body which is broken for you; do this in remembrance of Me.” 25  In the same manner He also took the cup after supper, saying, “This cup is the new covenant in My blood. This do, as often as you drink it, in remembrance of Me.” 26  For as often as you eat this bread and drink this cup, you proclaim the Lord’s death till He comes.
  • Exodus 12:34-39 (NKJV) 34 So the people took their dough before it was leavened, having their kneading bowls bound up in their clothes on their shoulders. 35  Now the children of Israel had done according to the word of Moses, and they had asked from the Egyptians articles of silver, articles of gold, and clothing. 36  And the LORD had given the people favor in the sight of the Egyptians, so that they granted them what they requested. Thus they plundered the Egyptians. 37  Then the children of Israel journeyed from Rameses to Succoth, about six hundred thousand men on foot, besides children. 38  A mixed multitude went up with them also, and flocks and herds–a great deal of livestock. 39  And they baked unleavened cakes of the dough which they had brought out of Egypt; for it was not leavened, because they were driven out of Egypt and could not wait, nor had they prepared provisions for themselves.

Levi and the mixed multitude; a warning.

Whole of Israel was meant to be a priest hood

Only the tribe of Levi was chosen

Mixed multitude

Exodus 32:19-24 (NKJV) 19  So it was, as soon as he came near the camp, that he saw the calf and the dancing. So Moses’ anger became hot, and he cast the tablets out of his hands and broke them at the foot of the mountain. 20  Then he took the calf which they had made, burned it in the fire, and ground it to powder; and he scattered it on the water and made the children of Israel drink it. 21  And Moses said to Aaron, “What did this people do to you that you have brought so great a sin upon them?” 22  So Aaron said, “Do not let the anger of my lord become hot. You know the people, that they are set on evil. 23  For they said to me, ‘Make us gods that shall go before us; as for this Moses, the man who brought us out of the land of Egypt, we do not know what has become of him.’ 24  And I said to them, ‘Whoever has any gold, let them break it off.’ So they gave it to me, and I cast it into the fire, and this calf came out.” Who is on the Lord’s side? who will take God’s part, and plead his cause against idolatry and idolaters?

Exodus 12:37-38 (NKJV) 37  Then the children of Israel journeyed from Rameses to Succoth, about six hundred thousand men on foot, besides children. 38  A mixed multitude went up with them also, and flocks and herds–a great deal of livestock.

Exodus 9:20 (NKJV)  He who feared the word of the LORD among the servants of Pharaoh made his servants and his livestock flee to the houses.

  • may have been Egyptians and others who were drawn to the Hebrews by God’s mighty works and who decided to leave Egypt with them.

Exodus 32:24-26 (NKJV) 24  And I said to them, ‘Whoever has any gold, let them break it off.’ So they gave it to me, and I cast it into the fire, and this calf came out.” 25  Now when Moses saw that the people were unrestrained (for Aaron had not restrained them, to their shame among their enemies), 26  then Moses stood in the entrance of the camp, and said, “Whoever is on the LORD’S side–come to me.” And all the sons of Levi gathered themselves together to him.

All the sons of Levi,

Most of that tribe, for some of them were destroyed as guilty.

Do not be unequally yoked with an unbeliever.

Come out from and be set apart for the Lord.

Have nothing to do with the world.

2 Corinthians 6:14 (NKJV)  Do not be unequally yoked together with unbelievers. For what fellowship has righteousness with lawlessness? And what communion has light with darkness?

2 Corinthians 6:17-18 (NKJV) 17  Therefore “Come out from among them And be separate, says the Lord. Do not touch what is unclean, And I will receive you.” 18  “I will be a Father to you, And you shall be My sons and daughters, Says the LORD Almighty.”

  • Isaiah 52:11 (NKJV) Depart! Depart! Go out from there, Touch no unclean thing; Go out from the midst of her, Be clean, You who bear the vessels of the LORD.
  • Jeremiah 32:38 (NKJV) They shall be My people, and I will be their God;
  • Ezekiel 37:27 (NKJV) My tabernacle also shall be with them; indeed I will be their God, and they shall be My people.

1 John 2:14-17 (NKJV) 14  I have written to you, fathers, Because you have known Him who is from the beginning. I have written to you, young men, Because you are strong, and the word of God abides in you, And you have overcome the wicked one. 15  Do not love the world or the things in the world. If anyone loves the world, the love of the Father is not in him. 16  For all that is in the world–the lust of the flesh, the lust of the eyes, and the pride of life–is not of the Father but is of the world. 17  And the world is passing away, and the lust of it; but he who does the will of God abides forever.

 

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